MGT 623 Week 1 Assignment Essay example - 785 Words

Tiffin University Problem Solution Analysis Paper Submitted for Course Number MGT 623 Legal and Ethical Issues in Management Dr. Dave Ibarra By: Lauren M. Middleton October 26th, 2014 Milton Friedman advocates the classical theory of business, which essentially holds that businesses should be solely devoted to increasing profits as long as they engage in open and free competition devoid of fraud. Friedman was an advocate of free market forces, he would recommend that let the market forces operate freely and the executive compensation will reach the right levels. The high performing executives will command higher salaries and poor performing executives will receive lower salaries or simply become unemployed. If†¦show more content†¦A tenet of that theory is that enlightened egoists will recognize that socially responsible behavior will benefit them. Both psychological egoism and the classical theory can be defended by the utilitarian argument. Utilitarianism maintains that any action or system is good if it results in the greatest good for the greatest number of people. A utilitarian would commence by looking at the total utility or the happiness generated by the compensation paid to executives. Now if paying executive compensation by way of stock options leads to misguiding skyrocketing of profits figures and causes financial loss to several shareholders of the company, the utilitarian will propose that the executives should not be compensated by way of stock options. Moral worth lies in contribution to the overall utility. In summary, if, as Smith contended, self-interest is a chief motivator and the invisible hand really works, then as companies seek to maximize profits, the greatest public good will result for the greatest number. Critics of Smiths and Friedmans theories contend that they neglect the need for cooperation and teamwork in society, and that chaos can be avoided only with heavy policing of self-interested behavior. Proponents of the invisible hand counter that individuals will usually pursue cooperation and self-regulation because it is in their own interest. A deontological thinker would say that it is the duty of theShow MoreRelatedThe Implication of Hawthorne Study in 21st Century4408 Words   |  18 PagesAssignment The Implication of Hawthorne Study in 21st Century Ashab Anis Joy ID: 2012-1-10-255 Class: MGT Course Code: 101 Sec: 7 Semester: Fall East West University Bachelor of Business Administration East West University 20th November 2012 Introduction The Hawthorne Experiments were conducted between 1927 and 1932 at the works of the Western Electric Company in Chicago. Basically the aim of these experiments was to † attempt to reduce worker dissatisfaction and resist trade unionRead More THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES65118 Words   |  261 PagesAbstract Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures iii iv iv v vi ix xii Chapter 1. Introduction Organisation of the Thesis Why Knowledge Management matters in Education? The possible impact of knowledge management practices on learning outcomes Measurement of quality knowledge through e-learning and student learning outcomes Purpose of the Study and Research Questions Organization of the Remainder of the Study 1 1 2 7 9 13 16 Chapter 2. Literature Review Part A: Introduction and Background of

The Use of Satire in Voltaire’s Candide by Gottfried...

The Use of Satire in Voltaire’s Candide Satire. According to dictionary.com it is â€Å"the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize peoples stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues†. During a time when going against the common mindset, which at the time was philosophical optimism, was rare and often looked down upon, using satire in order to not only communicate one’s beliefs but also mock those who shared the mainstream train of thought was key. The use of satire in Voltaires Candide aids in the exhibition of his pessimistic mindset towards the social, religious, philosophical, political, and scientific beliefs that were favored during the Age of†¦show more content†¦Despite not believing that God created the best possible world to live in, Voltaire did believe in God. The European Graduate School published a biography of Voltaire which remarked Voltaire was also a f ierce critique of religious traditions but that is not to say that he was averse to the idea of a supreme being. His understanding of God was deist, he reasoned that the existence of God was a question of reason and observation rather than of faith. This demonstrates that he did believe in and accept God, though in an unorthodoxed way, relying wholly on his reason and observations. Not only did these unique beliefs and idea spark some harsh feelings towards Leibniz, but they also forced Voltaire to better mask his criticism. Thus, the employment of satire in his novels, specifically Candide. Throughout Candide Voltaire mercilessly satirizes and mocks many aspects of philosophical optimism. One of the most prevalent examples of this is displayed through Candide’s teacher, Pangloss. Acting as a stand-in for Leibniz in the novel, Voltaire portrays him as both ignorant and arrogant, initially introducing him as Candide’s â€Å"metaphysico-theologo-cosmoniogoly†(Volt aire 15) teacher. Pangloss’s egocentric personality comes through when James the Anabaptist fell overboard on their way to Lisbon. About to jump in after him, Candide is stopped by his wise teacher who proclaims â€Å"the Lisbon harbor was formed expressly for the Anabaptist to drown in†Show MoreRelatedThe Candide By The French Enlightenment1377 Words   |  6 Pagesthe novel Candide by the French Enlightenment writer and philosopher, Voltaire, the use of satire is highly prevalent. Voltaire took many of the follies and views he disagreed with during the Enlightenment and satirized them in this highly unrealistic and exaggerated novel. The events throughout the novel, even if they have some connections or roots in historical events, are seemingly preposterous and embellished because of Voltaire’s heavy use of satire. However, Voltaire merely uses these embellishmentsRead MoreThe Candide : An Era Of Enlightenment Philosopher Essay1355 Words   |  6 Pagespopul ar among the masses for his philosophy. Candide, one of Voltaire s more famous works, expresses lack of reasoning in optimistic philosophy, for the application of practical issues. Candide’s journey is expressed in a quick turnover of events, leaving the reader unavailable to emotionally attach themselves to tragedies; however, Candide’s transformation to an ethical individual is expressed by the lack of practical use of optimistic philosophy. Candide was written during first contact between theRead MoreA Critique Of The Novel Candide 1238 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Candide, Voltaire uses irony, exaggeration, understatement, sarcasm and other literary devices in order satirize flaws in society. There are two different types of Satire, that of Horace, which mild and lighthearted, and that of Juvenal, called Juvenalian, which is scornful and scathing, very rarely intended to be funny, but rather make a critique of a societal problem, to call for change. Both types are found in Candide, both characterized in the novel by ironic criticism of weaknessesRead MoreAnalysis Of Voltaire s Candide 964 Words   |  4 PagesCandide is a French satire that was first published in 1759 by Voltaire, who was a philosopher during the Enlightenment Age. It is a story about a young man, Candide, who is a follower of Leibnizian optimism. Candide witnesses and experiences many hardships in the world that puts his life at risk and test s the strength of his beliefs. During Candide’s many adventures, he faces many historical events that Voltaire uses to simplify subtle philosophies and cultural traditions, by highlighting theirRead MoreVoltaires Use Of Distortion1620 Words   |  7 PagesSimi Singh Ms. Russell Humor and Satire (H) Sept. 20, 2017 Candide Essay Prompt: In questioning the value of literary realism, Flannery O Connor writes: I am interested in making a good case for distortion because I am coming to believe that it is the only way to make people see. Following your study of Candide, write an essay in which you examine Voltaire’s use of distortion; how is he using it and to what extent does he succeed in â€Å"mak[ing] people see†? In other words, how did Voltaire incorporateRead MoreVoltaire s Candide : A Satirical Work Wrought With Black Humor And Caricature Like Characters Essay1727 Words   |  7 PagesVoltaire’s Candide is a lively satirical work wrought with black humor and caricature-like characters. Apart from being a humorous and entertaining masterpiece, Candide explores the metaphysical conflict humanity faces in attempting to make sense of the world and its struggles. In his work, Voltaire uses his characters to serve as caricatures or parodies of various contrasting philosophies which each in their own way attempt to confront and remedy this existential conflict. He frames these characters’Read MoreCandide Optimism Essay1904 Words   |  8 PagesCandide, by Voltaire, is a satire written based on the people, events, and thoughts of the 1750s and was published in France, Italy, and the Netherlands. These included Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, most religious groups, the earthquake of Lisbon in 1755, and the idea of Optimism presented by many philosophers. The idea of Optimism is based on the idea presented by most religious figures, that God is here and perfect, therefore anything that happens in life is there for a reason and not just a mistakeRead MoreVoltaire s Candide And Dostoyevsky s Notes From Underground1870 Words   |  8 Pagesmany brilliant works created to provide emphasis to the importance of moderation, two philosophers in particular, Voltaire and Dostoyevsky, have conceivably accomplished the most exemplary job of delivering evidence in Voltaireâ€℠¢s Candide and Dostoyevsky’s Notes From Underground. Each use the two concepts of reasoning and currency in different ways to express the importance of moderation. In contemporary society, daring to ask a pertinent question on a social platform is feasibly one of the most dauntingRead MoreCritical Analysis on Voltaire’s Candide, â€Å"Eldorado†2027 Words   |  9 PagesThe story of Candide, â€Å"Eldorado† and what the meaning is, has been one of debate as to what Voltaire was interpreting in the story by some authors. The scene of Eldorado is the visual philosophy of Voltaire’s thoughts of what an ideal society would be. It is a land of richness and where there is a state of being equal in status, rights, belief, and opportunity; it is free of greed, claiming titles or importance, religious strife or contention, and there is no suffering (Mason 55). Eldorado also brings

Agency Problem †Essay Free Essays

I partially agree with the statement that managers have a severely limited amount of discretion to pursue actions inconsistent with shareholder wealth maximization. By investing in a company, shareholders aim to maximize their wealth and achieve portfolio diversification. The objective of managers is assumed to be to further these interests by maximizing the firm’s share value. We will write a custom essay sample on Agency Problem – Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This can be achieved by taking on projects with positive NPV and good management of short-term capital and long-term debt. However, shareholders and managers are assumed to want to maximize their utilities; so this objective may not always be the priority for managers as they may rather prefer to maximize their own wealth or further other personal interests of theirs. This conflict of interest between the two is an example of the principal agent problem. The principal agent problem occurs due to two reasons. The first is the separation of ownership from control – the principal or the shareholders may own a corporation but it is the agent or manager who holds control of it and acts on their behalf. This gives managers the power to do things without necessarily being ‘detected’ by shareholders. The second is that shareholders may not possess the same information as the manager. The manager would have access to management accounting data and financial reports, whereas the shareholders would only receive annual reports, which may be subject to manipulation. Thus asymmetric information also leads to moral hazard and adverse selection problems. The following are areas where the interests of shareholders and managers often conflict: Managers may try to expropriate shareholders’ wealth in a number of ways. They may over consume perks such as using company credit cards for personal expenses, jet planes etc. †¢Empire building: Managers may pursue a suboptimal expansion path for the firm. They may expand the firm at a rationally unfeasible rate in order to increase their own benefits at the cost of shareholders’ wealth. †¢Managers may be more risk ave rse than shareholders who typically hold diversified portfolios. †¢Managers may not have the same motivation as shareholders, likely due to a lack of proper incentives. Managers may window dress financial statements in order to optimize bonuses or justify sub optimal strategies The principal agent problem normally leads to agency costs. This has been identified by Jensen and Meckling(1976) as the sum of: 1. Monitoring costs: Costs incurred by the shareholders when they attempt to monitor or control the actions of managers. 2. Bonding costs: Bonding refers to contracts that bond agents’ performance with principal interests by limiting or restricting the agent’s activity as a result. The cost of this to the manager is the bonding cost. 3. The residual loss: Costs incurred from divergent principal and agent interests despite the use of monitoring and bonding. However the manager’s discretion is quite limited in practice. There are a number of internal and external solutions to agency costs for shareholders. Internal: †¢Well-written contracts ensure that there are fewer opportunities for managers to over consume perks. †¢An external board of directors could be appointed to monitor the efforts and actions of managers. This board would have access to information and considerable legal authority over management. It could thus safeguard information and represent shareholder interests in the company. †¢The board could hire independent accountants to audit the firm’s financial statements. If the managers don’t agree to changes proposed by auditors, the auditors issue a qualified opinion. This signals that managers are trying to hide something, and undermines investor confidence. †¢Compensation packages where the reward to the manager is linked to firm performance. This includes performance related bonuses and the payments of shares and share options. Ambitious, lower managers are a threat to the jobs of inefficient, evading ones. External: †¢The lenders of a company also monitor; a bank for instance would track the assets, earnings and cash flows of the company it provides a loan to. †¢Managerial labor market: Poor managers may not get another job or get a much poorer one. Ultimately the most important indicator to the labor market of managerial performance is share price. †¢Capital Markets – A falling share price increases the threat of a take-over, which can often result in redundancies. More concentrated shareholding by outsiders can lead to monitoring by them and improve managerial performance. However there are a few problems with these solutions though, which make it possible for managers to circumvent them to a small extent. In order to keep the share price high, managers may focus more on short term profitability at the cost of long term profitability. They may use gimmicks to temporarily boost the share price and neglect spending on research, development and H. R. They may also provide sub standard products and cease providing services for old, or relatively less important products in order to reduce costs and make a quick profit. This damages the company’s reputation, reduces its competitiveness in the future and thus affects long-term shareholder value negatively. While block holders may act as external monitoring mechanisms, they can also have private incentives to go along with management decisions, which may be detrimental to firm performance. Writing better contracts may reduce the problem of asymmetric information, but not fully solve it. This is because the design of such contracts is technically infeasible due to various reasons such as the difficulty of foreseeing all future contingencies. Dispersed shareholders often do not exercise the few controlling rights that they have. This leads to a free rider problem where shareholders would prefer to let other shareholders do the task of monitoring as they cannot justify spending on it over the few shares that they each own. In order to resist takeovers, managers may design contracts that compensate them in the event of loss of control due to the takeover. They may also undertake targeted repurchases and devise a poison pill, which changes the fundamental aspects of the corporate rules without the knowledge of shareholders. While incentive schemes such as shares and share options are effective, they are still reactive in the sense that they provide no mechanism for preventing mistakes or opportunistic behavior. Managers may continue to focus mainly on quarterly goals rather than the long term as they are allowed to sell the stocks after exercising their options. By focusing on quarterly performance, managers could boost the stock price and avail higher personal profits on their subsequent sale of stock. Managers may also sell their shares as soon as they are high, leading people to think that they lack confidence in their own operations. This may adversely affect share price. Share options also increase the risk of EPS dilution from an increase in shares outstanding. Managers may often ‘window dress’ financial statements as the company must be seen to perform well in order to improve share valuations. They may report inaccurate information, especially if their short-term rewards outweigh their long term ones such as pensions. It also encourages shareholder approval, and so would lead to less difficult AGM’s. Many managers may hide the true value of assets in order to hide the losses they incurred while buying them. Window dressing also involves managers presenting statistics such that they highlight the perceivably best bits about the company’s performance and avoid emphasis on the worst aspects of the previous year’s business. Other common practices of this include disguising liquidity problems and fraudulent representation of liabilities. This gross misrepresentation of debts has been seen with Enron in the US, where $billions of long-term liabilities were hidden off the balance sheet. Its executive Jeffery Skiller, initiated the use of mark to market accounting, while hoping to meet Wall Street expectations. Enron ultimately became bankrupt while its shareholders suffered huge losses. Despite having model board of directors and a talented audit committee, Enron’s managers were able to make it attract large sums of capital to fund a questionable business model and hype its stock to unsustainable levels. Worldcom, a telecommunications company in the US, inflated profits by disguising expenses as investment in assets and inflated revenues with bogus accounting entries from corporate, unallocated revenue accounts. In mid 2000, its stock price began to decline and CEO Bernard Ebbers persuaded WorldComà ¢â‚¬â„¢s board of directors to provide him corporate loans and guarantees of over $400 million to cover his margin calls on Worldcom stock. The board had hoped that the loans would avert the need for Ebbers to sell the substantial amounts of WorldCom stock that he owned, as this would have further reduced the stock’s price. However, the company ultimately went bankrupt and Ebbers was ousted as CEO in April 2002. The shareholders suffered massive losses as they watched World Com’s stock price plummet from $60 to less than 20 cents. Thus, we can see that while there is room for managers to indulge in personal wealth maximization, it is quite difficult to do so. Usually, the solutions tend to be adequate enough to correct the conflicts, and restrict manager’s discretion. How to cite Agency Problem – Essay, Essays

Catcher in the rye 5 Essay Example For Students

Catcher in the rye 5 Essay Catcher in the Rye EssayI keep picturing all these kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobodys big but me. And Im standing on the edge of some crazy cliff -What do I have to do, I have to catch them. I mean their running, and they dont look where their going, so I must come out of somewhere and catch them.(Salinger,173)J.D. Salinger, in his timeless classic, The Catcher in the Rye, a novel depicting the complications of life as an adolescent, uses reality verses allusion, phoniness in society, and the loss of innocence as themes in his novel, to present the true inner character of Holden Caufield. Beginning to learn the truths of society and growing up, sixteen year old, Holden has a hard time adjusting to maturity. After the death of his younger brother Allie, his inability to remain in one school, and his ongoing dislike of many people and their morals, Holden has been driven to depression in which he dispenses to a psycoanaylgist throughout the novel. Through his novel, Salinger incorporated the theme reality verses allusion, to demonstrate how the mind of some adolescents are so unwilling to face the truths of society. As stated above, Holden wishes to accomplish an futile task, save children from growing up, and protect them from the corruption of adulthood. The following presents an example of Holdens inability to grasp the differences between reality and allusion. Somebody written Fuck You on the wall. It drove me damn dear crazy. I thought how Phoebe and all the other kids would see it, and then how theyd wonder what the hell it mean, and finally some dirty kid would tell them- all cockeyed, so I rubbed it out.(Salinger,201) Presented here, an another example on how Holden once again attempts to accomplish the impossible, save children from the words and instances that they are going to transpire no matter how hard someone desires to hide it. Holden allows himself to live in a state of unrealistic thoug hts, with the idea that change will forever be deleterious. Yet Holden seems frightened to admit to himself that change and development are a necessary part of reality. The only way one would be able to avoid change would be to die young, avoiding maturity, and maintaining innocence. Holdens dislike towards change attracts his interest to the museum, because a museum continues to be never changing, the displays are forever set in stone, and preserved. Lastly, Holden presents his fear of facing reality though avoiding the truth. After failing out of Pencey, he decided to hide out in New York City, until his parents reached notice of his being kicked out of yet another school, because of his fear to face problems. Yet in reality the only way Holden could fix the problems he had would be to face them, not avoid them. He simply ran away from any instance to improve his problems, or to speak the truth, therefore; accomplishing nothing but more fear. His inability to grasp the differences between reality and allusion, lead Holden into his state of mental depression, because he makes it possible for himself to expect only the best, everything perfect, and unchanged, which is truly preposterous. Since 1888 we have been molding boys into splendid, clear-thinking young men.(Salinger,2) Throughout the novel, Catcher in the Rye, Holden expresses his distaste for the majority of society. Specifically, he claims most people act in a superficial manner, and observes the masses to be phony and unthoughtful in nature. Yet he himself acts phony, attempting to portray himself as someone else, someone better, and older, at points. Such an example would be when he speaks with Ernie Morrows mother. In this instance, he characterizes himself as someone he hates. Another depiction of phoniness would be Stradlater, Holdens roommate at Pencey. Stradlater presents the perfect phony attitude that Holden has such distaste towards. His main worry seems to be that he must illustrate himself as the perfect jock; built, clean-cut, and gorgeous, and that bothered Holden to no end, because Stradlater never presented his true character, he constituted the word fake. Movie actors are yet another example of the phony attitude Holden so dearly dislikes. In his mind, actors always exemplify someone they arent. In his supposition, they just play some part they are requested for money, not a part that resembles their thoughts or personality. In public, movies stars also carry out that fake attitude, where they act as though they are better than everyone else. Lastly Holden dislikes actors and movies because their phoniness demoralizes children, and allows them to explore with the mature corrupted world. Societys phoniness causes the main reason for Holdens insecurity and isolation for the outer world. He becomes so fearful that he too will become part of the fraudulent society similar to everyone surrounding him. Holden has one concern throughout the novel, to protect the innocent, to keep children away from maturity, and the corrupted society. He wanted to be what he called a catcher in the rye.and stand on a cliff assuring that children wouldnt jump off to adulthood. His brother Alli e presents a great depiction of his admiration of youth and innocence. Holden idealizes Allie, mainly because he was never able to see him reach maturity. He died before he could lose his innocence, therefore leading Holden to believe that he exemplified perfection. Allies baseball glove, and the Little Shirley Beans record for Phoebe, illustrate Holdens challenge to preserve the innocence in his family. Another example of his fear of loss of innocence is when Holden had the opportunity to once again see Jane Gallagher. He had been great friends with her when he they were younger, but now remained afraid to face her realizing that she would have changed. She no longer could be the innocent girl he had loved, and considering her courtship with someone such as Stradlater, she had grown tremendously. No matter how much he yearned to see her or talk to her, he had too much fear to face the fact that she too no longer appeared to be a child, that she was now mature, and experienced. Last ly, the young boy on the street whistling that Holden referred to as swell exemplifies Holdens love of youth. The young boy symbolized independence, and nonchalance; untouched by the outer world, and unaware of the problems of society, therefore; attracting the attention of Holden. Holden had envied the pureness of the young boy, proud to see that he had not yet lost his most admirable quality, his simplicity. Children were the only people Holden seemed to be able to successfully communicate with, mainly because he did not worry that they would be phony, because they were too young to realize how to act fraudulent. Also, he did not have to be jealous of them, because he had no competition with them. Yet his idea of wishing to preserve innocence noted his life in the fantasy world. Maturity symbolizes a major part of life, one in which everyone must endure. As some may say growing up is hard to do yet it remains physically impossible to avoid it. Maturity is a natural part of life, and Holden has to learn to come to terms with that idea.. .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 , .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .postImageUrl , .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 , .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:hover , .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:visited , .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:active { border:0!important; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:active , .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625 .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u895baaafca14900bbf897e05a5843625:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Battle Of The Sexes EssayIn his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, J.D. Salinger, presents the themes of phoniness in society, reality versus allusion, and loss of innocence, to depict the thoughts and problems of adolescent life, in such a sixteen year old as Holden Caufield. Life as a teen, presents both challenging and questionable events, and in the mid stage of his adolescent life, Holden begins to comes to terms with the truths of society. After undergoing the harsh realities of maturity, he begins to believe that he must save the rest of the young children in society from facing such problems, therefore wishing to restore their innocence. His absurd thoughts of society and the corruptness, in the end led him to his necessary evaluation with a psycoanaylgist. The adolescent days are suppose to be the best of your life, and Holden must come to terms that not everything in world will be fit perfectly the way he wants. He must just learn to go with the flow, and enjoy life while he can. He cannot always be Blue as Hell.